Live cell imaging of FGF2 recruitment at the inner plasma membrane leaflet under conditions of impaired heparan sulfate biosynthesis. Time-lapse TIRF microscopy (80 ms per frame) of FGF2-GFP under conditions where heparan sulfate biosynthesis is impaired as described in Fig. 3. Left: CHO WT cells. Middle: Cells that were treated with sodium chlorate to prevent sulfation of the sugar side chains of proteoglycans. Right: CHO-745 mutant cells that are incapable of synthesizing heparan sulfates as part of proteoglycans. Background signals were subtracted, visualizing GFP particles in the direct vicinity of the plasma membrane. Bar, 10 µm.
