3-D tracking of podosomes at the leading edge of an IC-21 macrophage expressing ß-actin-EYFP. Deconvolved fluorescence recorded by confocal microscopy at 15-s intervals over 30 min is shown nonrendered (white) as an orthogonal slice moving along the time axis (blue). The 3-D data are shown isosurface-rendered in transparent green. Kymograph plots (yellow bars) trace the positions of podosomes in xy space over time. Examples of short-lived simple podosomes are shown by blue arrowheads. Examples of fission and fusion events within branched podosomes are indicated by the white and red arrowheads, respectively.
