3D migration in collagen matrices is dependent on the nucleus in REF52 cells. An intact cell (top) and cytoplasts (bottom) migrating in an LR 3D collagen matrix. Intact cells and cytoplasts extend protrusions that engage with nearby collagen fibers, however, cytoplasts are nonmigratory in 3D. Images were acquired every 10 min for 12 h using a 40× objective on an Olympus VivaView FL microscope.
